SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT THROUGH PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY

Abstract

Our paper presents general aspects regarding renewable energy and its technologies. We are summarizing the characteristics of the photovoltaic energy. Also the paper describes the main components of a 24 MW photovoltaic project around Sibiu city. The goal of the paper is to underline the multi-benefits of photovoltaic energy systems, of increased energy security, climate change mitigation and sustainable development, but also the social benefits of reduced air pollution, such as improved health and employment. Photovoltaic (often abbreviated as PV) is a simple and elegant method of harnessing the sun's energy. PV cells convert sunlight directly into electricity without creating any air or water pollution. PV cells are made of at least two layers of semiconductor material. One layer has a positive charge, the other negative. When light enters the cell, some of the photons from the light are absorbed by the semiconductor atoms, freeing electrons from the cell’s negative layer to flow through an external circuit and back into the positive layer. This flow of electrons produces electric current. Modern cities are the product of fossil fuels technologies. They could not exist and develop without the routine use of coal, gas and oil. However nowadays we have an alternative – the renewable which besides assuring urban energy security also stimulates the growth of a new green economy sector. Every city is different due to local climate and resources, state of development and prosperity, degree of control over energy generation. Therefore each city should make use of its strengths and resources in order to create and implement renewable energy systems which can support a leaner, healthier and more prosperous urban life.

Keywords: renewable energyPhotovoltaic panels