CERCETARI PRIVIND IMPLEMENTAREA TEHNICII DE IMPUSCARE CU GAURI LUNGI LA EXPLOATAREA CU BANC SUBMINAT A CARBUNELUI IN VALEA JIULUI

Autor/autori: Dr. ing. Valeriu PLESEA, Lector univ. drd. ing. ec. Marius Eremia VLAICU POPA, Dr. ing. Silviu BECUT

Rezumat: Odata cu aplicarea noii metode de exploatare cu banc subminat a carbunelui in Valea Jiului, care presupune cresterea de pana la 3 ori a grosimii feliilor de extragere comparativ cu variantele clasice de exploatare, a rezultat necesitatea slabirii si presfaramarii dirijate a carbunelui, in scopul coborarii gravitationale si evacuarii sale din bancul ce se submineaza. De asemenea, slabirea si presfaramarea dirijata a carbunelui este necesara si in cazul descarcarii si evacuarii din zonele de culcus ale stratului, unde inclinarea se situeaza sub limita unghiului de taluz natural, precum si pentru formarea liniei de rupere la pornirea abatajelor de pe un aliniament natural. Toate aceste cerinte de exploatare reclama utilizarea solutiei de impuscare cu gauri lungi de mina a masivului de „carbune – roca”, prin intermediul incarcaturilor explozive de siguranta cu lungime mare. In lucrare se prezinta necesitatea si oportunitatea aplicarii lucrarilor de presfaramare prealabila a carbunelui din bancul subminat, precum si tehnica de impuscare cu gauri lungi de mina, cu redarea constructiei incarcaturilor explozive de siguranta si rezultatul testelor de laborator efectuate pentru diferite atmosfere simulate de mina.

Cuvinte cheie: carbune, exploziv, gauri lungi, descarcare gravitationala, fitil detonant.

Abstract: Once with the application of the undermined bed exploitation method of Jiu Valley’s coal, which increased up to 3 times the thickness of extraction slices compared with classical exploitation methods, appeared the need of directional weakening and pre-crushing of coal, in order of gravity trip and coal discharge form the undermined bed. Also, directional weakening and pre-crushing of coal it is necessary for unloading and discharge areas of the bed layer, where the tilt is below the natural slope angle, and dragging of breaking line at abatis start from a natural alignment. All these requirements of operation require the use of solution with mine shooting long holes of “coal – rock” massif, through security explosive cargo with great length. In the paper there is presented the necessity and opportunity of application of undermined bed coal precrushing works, as well as the technique of mine long holes shooting, rendering of safety explosive loads construction and results of laboratory tests performed for various simulated mines atmospheres.

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