METODE DE ANALIZA PRIN SPECTROMETRIE DE EMISIE ATOMICA CU PLASMA CUPLATA INDUCTIV SI TERMODERIVATOGRAFICE

Autor/autori: Ing. chim. Irina NALBOC, Drd. chim. Andrei SZÖLLÖSI – MOTA, Drd. chim. Maria PRODAN

Rezumat: Prezenta lucrare are ca obiectiv utilizarea unor metode diferite de analiza in vederea studierii si stabilirii cauzelor de producere a evenimentelor de tip explozie si/sau incendiu. O data cu dezvoltarea societatii umane, prin cresterea consumului de combustibil, de solventi organici si alte substante inflamabile, asistam la cresterea numarului de unitati in care se pot forma amestecuri potential explozive / inflamabile. Riscul de explozie este unul din principalele riscuri industriale din economie fiind prezent in toate unitatile care produc, utilizeaza, manipuleaza, depoziteaza si transporta substante si preparate chimice periculoase, respectiv substante cu proprietati inflamabile si explozive. De asemenea, exploziile sunt legate de o evolutie necontrolata a proceselor industriale, antrenand pericole mari, imediate sau pe termen lung , atat pentru om , cat si pentru instalatii interioare sau exterioare, respectiv mediu. Spectrometria de emisie atomica cu plasma cuplata inductiv este o metoda moderna de identificare a metalelor, datorita utilizarii temperaturilor ridicate care permit practic determinarea oricarui element metalic. Pe baza metodei de analiza termoderivatografica se obtin informatii referitoare la comportamentul diferitelor substante/materiale supuse la incalzire programata. Sunt prezentate si discutate date din literatura de specialitate precum si date obtinute din analiza cantitativa/calitativa a unor probe prelevate din echipamentele si instalatiile de la locul producerii evenimentelor.

Cuvinte cheie: risc, explozie, incendiu, spectrometria de emisie atomica cu plasma cuplata inductiv, analiza termoderivatografica

Abstract: This paper aims to analyze the use of different methods to study and establish the causes of events type explosion and / or fire. With the development of human society by increasing fuel consumption, organic solvents and other flammable substances we witness an increased number of units that can form potentially explosive mixtures / flammable. Risk of explosion is a major industrial hazard in the economy being present in all units that produce, use, handle, stories and transports dangerous substances and preparations, or substances with flammable and explosive properties. Also, the explosions are related to uncontrolled development of industrial processes, resulting in serious danger, immediate or long-term, both for humans and for internal or external installations, or environment. Atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma is a modern method of identification metals, using high temperatures that allow virtually any metallic element determination. Based on thermal derivatographic analysis method are obtained information about the behavior of different substances / materials subjected to programmed heating. Are presented and discussed dates from literature and data collected from the quantitative analysis / qualitative from samples taken on the equipment and facilities at the events.

Keywords: hazard, explosion, fire, atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma, derivatographic thermal analysis.

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